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A PSD file has a maximum height and width of 30,000 pixels, and a length limit of two gigabytes.

Initial release February 19, 1990; 30 years ago ( 1990-02-19 ) Stable release 2020 (21.2.3 1 ) (September 9, 2020; 15 days ago ( 2020-09-09 ) ).

Since then, the software has become the industry standard not only in raster graphics editing, but in digital art as a whole.

The softwares name has thus become a generic trademark, leading to its usage as a verb (e.g.

Adobe discourages such use.

Photoshop can edit and compose raster images in multiple layers and supports masks, alpha compositing and several color models including RGB, CMYK, CIELAB, spot color, and duotone.

Photoshop uses its own PSD and PSB file formats to support these features.

Its feature set can be expanded by plug-ins; programs developed and distributed independently of Photoshop that run inside it and offer new or enhanced features.

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However, in October 2002 (following the introduction of Creative Suite branding), each new version of Photoshop was designated with CS plus a number; e.g., the eighth major version of Photoshop was Photoshop CS and the ninth was Photoshop CS2.

Photoshop CS3 through CS6 were also distributed in two different editions: Standard and Extended.

With the introduction of the Creative Cloud branding in June 2013 (and in turn, the change of the CS suffix to CC ), Photoshops licensing scheme was changed to that of software as a service rental model.

Historically, Photoshop was bundled with additional software such as Adobe ImageReady, Adobe Fireworks, Adobe Bridge, Adobe Device Central and Adobe Camera RAW.

As of November 2019, Adobe has also released a full version of Photoshop for the iPad, and while initially limited, Adobe plans to bring more features to Photoshop for iPad.

Thomas Knoll, a Ph.D.

University of Michigan, began writing a program on his Macintosh Plus to display grayscale images on a monochrome display.

This program (at that time called Display ) caught the attention of his brother John, an Industrial Light Magic employee, who recommended that Thomas turn it into a full-fledged image editing program.

Thomas took a six-month break from his studies in 1988 to collaborate with his brother on the program.

Thomas renamed the program ImagePro, but the name was already taken.

Later that year, Thomas renamed his program Photoshop and worked out a short-term deal with scanner manufacturer Barneyscan to distribute copies of the program with a slide scanner; a total of about 200 copies of Photoshop were shipped this way.

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Both showings were successful, and Adobe decided to purchase the license to distribute in September 1988.

While John worked on plug-ins in California, Thomas remained in Ann Arbor writing code.

Photoshop 1.0 was released on February 19, 1990 for Macintosh exclusively.

The Barneyscan version included advanced color editing features that were stripped from the first Adobe shipped version.

The handling of color slowly improved with each release from Adobe and Photoshop quickly became the industry standard in digital color editing.

At the time Photoshop 1.0 was released, digital retouching on dedicated high-end systems (such as the Scitex ) cost around 300 an hour for basic photo retouching.

The list price of Photoshop 1.0 for Macintosh in 1990 was 895.

In 1993, Adobe chief architect Seetharaman Narayanan ported Photoshop to Microsoft Windows.

The Windows port led to Photoshop reaching a wider mass market audience as Microsoft s global reach expanded within the next few years.

These include layers with masks, transparency, text, alpha channels and spot colors, clipping paths, and duotone settings.

This is in contrast to many other file formats (e.g.,.JPG or.GIF) that restrict content to provide streamlined, predictable functionality.

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